A new research report has raised fresh concerns over the growing misuse of artificial intelligence after revealing that Boko Haram factions allegedly incorporated AI chatbots, including ChatGPT and other publicly available systems, into their operations. The study, based on interviews with former members of the terrorist group, suggests that AI was used as part of an organized technical support structure rather than by individual fighters acting independently.
The report, compiled from dozens of face-to-face interviews conducted in Borno and Adamawa states between 2025 and 2026, claims that both Boko Haram’s Jama’atu Ahlis Sunna Lidda’awati wal-Jihad (JAS) faction and the Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP) established dedicated AI units staffed by bomb-makers, engineers, intelligence personnel and other technically skilled members.
According to the findings, these specialized units allegedly used multiple AI platforms during operational planning, equipment maintenance and logistical coordination. The researchers further claimed that foreign Islamic State operatives introduced the technology, provided training sessions and assisted with technical support, while access to the AI systems remained limited to selected commanders and specialists.
The report also alleges that the groups used AI to analyze operational challenges, improve battlefield planning and review previous attacks. Researchers, however, found no evidence that either faction currently possesses advanced chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear weapons capabilities, despite concerns raised during the investigation.
Security experts say the findings highlight the broader challenge of preventing emerging technologies from being exploited by criminal and extremist groups. They emphasize that artificial intelligence is designed for legitimate and beneficial purposes, but like many technologies, it can be abused by malicious actors if adequate safeguards are not maintained.
The report is expected to intensify discussions among governments, technology companies and security agencies on how AI platforms can strengthen detection systems, improve abuse prevention and support efforts to combat terrorism. As artificial intelligence continues to evolve, experts say collaboration between policymakers and technology providers will be essential to reduce the risk of misuse while preserving the technology’s many positive applications.
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